ACE Health Coach Certification Practice Test

Which of the following environmental factors is independently associated with obesity?

1. The presence of supermarkets in one's neighborhood

2. Working near many fast-food restaurants

3. Living more than 25 miles away from the workplace

4. Living in a low-income neighborhood

The correct answer is: Living in a low-income neighborhood

Living in a low-income neighborhood is indeed an environmental factor that has been independently associated with obesity. This relationship can be attributed to several interconnected aspects related to access, resources, and social circumstances prevalent in such areas. In low-income neighborhoods, residents often experience limited access to healthy food options, commonly referred to as "food deserts." These areas may have fewer supermarkets or grocery stores that offer fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while being more populated with convenience stores that typically stock processed and unhealthy food options. This limited access to nutritious food can lead to poor dietary habits that contribute to weight gain and obesity. Moreover, low-income neighborhoods frequently face challenges related to physical activity opportunities. There may be a lack of safe parks or community spaces for exercise, as well as higher levels of neighborhood disorder, which can discourage outdoor activities. Furthermore, socioeconomic factors often limit individuals' ability to afford gym memberships or engaging in recreational activities that promote a healthy lifestyle. Collectively, these factors create an environment that undermines healthy habits, thereby increasing the risk of obesity among residents of low-income neighborhoods. This illustrates the critical influence of socioeconomic status on health outcomes, emphasizing that such environmental conditions play a significant role in public health.