ACE Health Coach Certification Practice Test

Of the components of daily energy expenditure, which one is most easily manipulated?

1. Basal metabolic rate

2. Activity thermogenesis

3. Thermic effect of food

4. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis

The correct answer is: Activity thermogenesis

Activity thermogenesis represents the most easily manipulated component of daily energy expenditure because it encompasses all energy used for physical activities, excluding those related to exercise. This means it includes activities such as walking, cleaning, gardening, and any movements incorporated into daily life. By adjusting these activities—such as increasing the frequency or intensity of movement—individuals can effectively increase their overall energy expenditure. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis, while also influential, refers specifically to energy expended through non-planned physical activities and is often less controllable as it varies greatly based on individual habits and lifestyles. The thermic effect of food, which accounts for the energy required to digest, absorb, and metabolize food, is somewhat fixed and dependent on diet rather than easily manipulated. The basal metabolic rate is primarily determined by factors such as age, gender, and genetics, making it less flexible for immediate adjustments. Thus, activity thermogenesis stands out as the most manageable part of daily energy expenditure.